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=A - WELDING GLOSSARY=


 * Abrasive ** - A material, such as sand, silicon or crushed stone, used for surface cleaning.


 * Acetylene Gas ** - A chemical combination of two elements: carbon and hydrogen.


 * Air Carbon Arc Gouging** - In Air carbon arc gouging an electric arc is generated between the tip of a carbon electrode and the workpiece. The metal becomes molten and a high velocity air jet streams down the electrode to blow the molten metal away, thus leaving a clean groove. The process is simple to apply has a high metal removal rate, and gouge profile can be closely controlled. Disadvantages are that the air jet causes the molten metal to be ejected over quite a large distance and, because of high currents (up to 2000A) and high air pressures (80 to 100 psi), it can be very noisy.


 * Air Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-A) ** - A cutting process by which metals are melted by the heat of an arc using a carbon electrode. Molten metal is forced away from the cut by a blast of forced air.


 * Alloy ** - A metal that is made by mixing two or more metals, or a metal and another substance.

(2) **Alternating Current (AC)** - An electrical current that reverses its direction at regular intervals, such as 60 cycles alternating current (AC), or 60 hertz.
 * Alternating Current (AC) ** - Is an electrical current in which magnitude and direction change in cycles, as opposed to direct current, in which direction is constant.

[|American Welding Society (AWS)] - The American Welding Society (AWS) was founded in 1919 as a multifaceted, nonprofit organization with a goal to advance the science, technology and application of welding and related joining disciplines.  **American Welding Society Health and Safety Fact Sheets**
 * Amperage ** – The measurement of the amount of electricity flowing past a given point in a conductor per second. Current is another name for amperage.


 * Angle Grinder**


 * Arc ** - The physical gap between the end of the electrode and the base metal. The physical gap causes heat due to resistance of current flow and arc rays.


 * Arc Blow - ** The deflection of an electric arc from its normal path because of magnetic forces.


 * Arc Force ** - The axial force developed by a plasma.


 * Arc Seam Weld - ** A seam weld made by an arc welding process.


 * Arc Spot-Weld ** - A spot weld made by an arc welding process.


 * Arc Time ** - The time during which an arc is maintained in making an arc weld.


 * Arc Voltage - ** The voltage as measured across the welding arc.

(2) ** Arc Welding (Shielded Metal Arc Welding ) (SMAW) ** - A welding process where similar materials are joined with a heating process caused by an electric arc. In the most common use, this process includes the use of a filler metal.
 * @Arc Welding (AW) ** - A group of welding processes which produces coalescence of metal by heating them with an arc, with or without the application of pressure and with or without the use of filler metal.


 * Argon ** - is a chemical element designated by the symbol Ar. Argon has atomic number18 and is the third element in group 18 of the periodic table (noble gases). Argon is present in the Earth's atmosphere at slightly less than 1%, making it the most common noble gas on Earth


 * As-Welded ** - The condition of weld metal, welded joints, and weldments after welding but prior to any subsequent thermal, mechanical, or chemical treatments.


 * Asbestos **


 * Autogenous Weld ** - A fusion weld made without the addition of filler metal.

**Automatic Welding** - Uses equipment, which welds without the constant adjusting of controls by the welder or operator. Equipment controls joint alignment by using an automatic sensing device. (2) **Automatic Welding** - Welding with equipment, which performs the welding operation without adjustment of the controls by a welding operator. The equipment may or may not perform the loading and unloading of the work. See machine welding.


 * Axis of a Weld ** - A line through the length of a weld, perpendicular to an

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